Breakthroughs in the processing and application technology of basic components of ultra-precision machine tools can provide strong technical support for the survival and development of the manufacturing industry. However, my country's ultra-precision machine tools and key basic components previously relied mainly on imports.
The cilindrično zaobljenost obrada osovina osovina dijelova at home and abroad is basically postignuto by ultra-precision cilindrical brušenje strojevi. Taking the brušenje a osovina jezgra s a promjer 10}}} mm and a duljina 300 mm as an example, naša zemlja's cylindrical grinder can probably grind to a level of 1 to microns, while foreign countries can achieve a A Level of 0,3 do 0,5 mikrona.
In order to solve the the technical problems of machine tools and key components, Dai Yifan, a professor at the National University of Defense Technology, and his team spent 5 years proprijedlog a a deterministic modification processing technology for the outer roundness of shaft parts, which improved the roundness accuracy of the shaft core to 0.1 micron, and successful developed it. Introducing ultra-precizno zrak statično tlak vreteno. Nedavno, after testing by the China Institute of Metrology, the relevant parametri of the hydrostatic vreteno have reached the international advanced level, which will effectively improve my country's ultra-precision strojna točnost. Relevantno istraživanje rezultati have objavljeno in "Materijali" i "Micro Machinery".
slika
Mandrel multi-sensor in-situ measurement. Photo courtesy of National University of Defense Technology
Grind ultra precizno dijelovi like a lopata
The reason why my country's ultra-precision machine tools and key basic components have uglavnom relied on imports before is that the biggest technical problem lies in the lack of "work machines" for processing core parts, that is, machines machines that Proizvod Machines And Machinery, also known As Machine Tools, Including tokarilice, Grinders, Planers, Drilling Machines, etc., are the tools for tool making and the basis za industrijsku samodostatnost.
Općenito strojna obrada je a proces od "kopiranja" the precision of machine tools to parts. In other words, without high-precision machine tools, high-precision parts cannot be obrađeno. Without high-precision parts, high-precision components and machine tools cannot be assembled. The absence a a working machine for manufacturing high-precision parts limits the development of the entire ultra-precision machine tool industry.
Dai Yifan's team has been engaged in the research and development of modern optical manufacturing technology for a long time. They found that the final manufacturing accuracy of optical parts far exceeds the accuracy of the processing equipment used, the the base principle of optical proizvodnja is to postupno remove high error points in precision evolutionary processing. The team tryed to apply this processing method based on the "precision evolution" principle to high-precision processing of mehanički dijelovi. Konačno, the the innovation of processing principles, they proposed a deterministic modification process for the outer roundness of shaft parts, breaking the the high-precision "work machine" limit.
How does the deterministic shaping process work? "It's like using a lopata to level a piece of land, that is, shlopling an appropriate amount of soil from the ridged and uneven areas, and repeating this until a flat ground is dobiveno. " Dai Yifan said that this process relies on a set of digital equipment, uključujući obo dobivanje High-precision roundness meters for cylindrical shapes, time-controlled grinding machine tools that real digital and precise control of material removal, special computer programs that obtain the residence time of grinding tools at specific spatial positions, etc.
Strojevi zamjene iskusni radnici
S the help of new technology, Dai Yifan's team broke through the the time-controlled grinding processing technology based on the principle of precision evolution, formed an integrated process method for on-site process and testing of cylindrical parts, and successful razvijen an ultra-precision aerostatic vreteno.
Test rezultati from the China Institute of Metrology show that radial runout of the air static pressure vreten is less than 15 nanometers, and the end face runout isn isn -15 runout isn than 15 nanometara. If it were a glavna os as big as the earth, the amplitude caused by the rotational motion would not exceed 1 meter.
The test results show that radial static stiffness of the aerostatic vreteno is veće than 200 N per micron, and the axial static stiffness is greater than 200 N per micron. In layman's terms, it means that the the vreteno can remain motionless a a gravity load of 20 kilograms, and the deformation will not exceed 1 micron. Comparing the product manual of Precitech, which represents the high level in the field of ultra-precision in the United States, the above technical indicators are equivalent to or even higher.
At present, the outer roundness of shaft parts can be processed and ground to a level of a a few tenths of a micron at home and abroad. If you want to improve it, you can only rely on manual grinding and trimming. "Our new technology can get rid of the dependence on extremely iskusni radnik masters, and can easily organize production accord to the modern industrialization model, promoting the mass and visoka učinkovitost proizvodnja i primjena of ultra-preciznost osnovne komponente. " Dai Yifan said, ultra-precision Breakthroughs in the processing and application technology of basic machine tool components will provide strong technical support for the survival and development of the manuring industry, improve the supporting industry chain of high-end machine tools, Great enhance The Competitiveness of High-Performance Functional components, i promote the Localization of High-End Precision And Ultra preciznost stroj alati.
Dai Yifan dodano to ove probojne will also učinkovito solve the ultra-precision equipment and core process problems faced by ultra-precision process of key detection and guidance components, further facilitate the mass production of ultra-precision processing of high-end core components, and achieve the rapid transformation of scientific research results.
